Sandra Veinberg

Censorship - the Mission of the Media

Sandra Veinberg, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Journalism, worked as a lecturer and researcher at the University of Latvia as well as at the  Universities of Moscow and Stockholm, and is right now located at Liepaja University where she is engaged in studies in the fields of mass media, journalism and public relations.

Sandra Veinberg is a member of the Swedish Publishers’ Association, a foreign correspondent, and the author of several books on mass media and public relations.

As a researcher and journalist, she is very familiar with most of the practical and theoretical sides of media and journalism and PR.

Censorship - the Mission of the Mediaexamines the role of the media in censoring social life events and everyday processes in a popular science way. “Silence is golden; speech is silver” - this clever saying is widely used, and as a policy it helps one to integrate into society. Correct and incorrect exercising of free speech is also characterised by a conclusion made by Ernest Hemingway in that it takes at least two years for a man to learn to speak and at least 50 - to understand what he must not speak about. In her book, Sandra Veinberg discusses this topic is in a more detail. The author considers not only traditional manifestations of censorship but also “self-censorship” and its sources.

Under the conditions of globalisation, where the world has shrunken and the Internet enables unlimited non-conversational communication, where Ryanair and  its cheap flights turn faraway exotic countries into the ‘suburbs’ of our home country, self-censorship becomes  a significant form of communication. What is allowed in one country is forbidden in another. The Danes published their Muhammad cartoons in the Danish newspapers; though protests arose in other countries — thousands of kilometres away from Copenhagen. The phenomenon of trans-border censorship is gradually expanding. The book focuses on different types of trans-border censorship in trying to find out why society still needs “fabrication of enforced acceptance” (Noam Chomsky). In essence, today’s Western democracies are no freer than traditional totalitarian societies.  “Orwellian Big Brother spying on us from above, there are many smaller brothers who won’t leave us in peace.” (Merit Mazzarella).

Vertical censorship is a well-known phenomenon in Syria, Russia, and China. Today's novelty is censorship globalisation. It does not fit merely within one system of a country’s censorship or public prejudices anymore. It means that the hitherto ”engineering of consent”, common to all societies, does not function anymore, since the media function across national borders via the Internet, and what is volonté generale in one country, may not be so in another.

The media work as censors not only in the interests of the existing power, economic elite or their owners. They help to maintain prejudices, the most typical among manifest themselves as xenophobia. This book examines xenophobia in Western-European countries, taking the media of politically neutral Sweden as an example as well asfocusing on some significant campaigns in the media of other Western-European countries where xenophobia is apparent (the Vogue advertisement campaigns, war journalism, misery memoirs, Günter Wallraf, Fabbrizio Gatti, the Swedish Building Workers’ Union Byggnads PR campaign against guest workers, better known as the Vaxholm conflict. 

Censorship used by the media elite (especially in the field of culture) is a generally known phenomenon. This book provides an example — the internal ”censoring” pressure effect of the popular Swedish pop group ABBA in the 70s and 80s in the Swedish media and opinion-forming culture elite groups. At that time, the Swedish press regarded ABBA as tawdry and even dangerous to the Swedish musical life. It is no secret that the pressure of the media and society largely contributed to the group’s split-up. Vertical censorship in the media had one frame of mind maintaining that such a style mismatches the ruling left-oriented morality and stage paraphernalia.

Horizontal censorship cast the last stone and wiped the phenomenon off the stage and out of the recording studios, although today the fame and success of the super-group are running even higher that it could have been forecasted 30 years ago when ABBA held its final concert.

The question as to who owns the truth in modern society is still open.

Because censorship does not only refer to the assassination of Anna Politkovskaya, as well as of dissidents in dictatorships, the suppression of artists daring to create art breaking the taboo norms of the culture nomenclature (such as Solzenicin, Shostakovich, Chiwoniso Maraire, Anvar Gul, modern ballet troupes in Somalia or Iran, performances of students from the Royal Institute of Art in Stockholm held in St. Görans hospital and in the Swedish underground system in 2009, etc.).   

Censorship also emerges in official public opinion studies - in the way of concealing particular news and the deliberate eradication of journalists from broadcasting, the increasing willingness of national security services to control our mail, income, luggage and clothing in the airports.

Censorship is present almost everywhere, and hopefully we will learn to notice it. Let alone because freedom of truth is a value worth fighting for, especially at a time when the financial crisis is ruining the world and when  freedom of speech, as a topic, is no longer central to the field of discourse  in many places. This book tells about this, too.   

If you wish to order this this book, please mail to:  info@balticmedia.net

Lecturer for Baltic Media Ltd., Sandra Veinberg, has had a voluminous book published by Zvaigzne ABC.

The book "Masmediji" ("Mass Media") is the first extensive monograph in Latvian dedicated to mass communication resources.  This is not only an encyclopaedic book, which summarises the main theories in mass communication and worldwide mass media historical facts, but also provides an analytical look at the main current trends and problems.

The monograph will be of interest to journalists and other press, radio and TV staff, public relations’ and advertising marketing specialists, social research students and all those who would like a more in-depth understanding of the role of mass media in today’s society. 

The following subjects are covered in the book:

• Communication in media
  

• Forms of communication
  

• Advertising and PR in a communicative environment
  

• Media ideologies
  

• History of the rules of media communication
  

• Ethics and media supervision
  

• Press history
  

• Newspapers

•  Journals

•  Radio, television communication

© Baltic Media Ltd.

Presentation of Dr. Sandra Veinberg’s book "Publiskās attiecības. PR teorija un prakse" (“Public Relations. PR Theory and Praxis”) on August 20, 2004 in hotel "Gutenbergs" in Riga.

During the last ten years of working as a lecturer and consultant,  Sandra Veinberg, Ph.D., an Associate Professor living in Sweden, has extensively studied the theory and practice of public relations and these studies have been published in a monograph “Public Relations. Theory and Practice”, the most comprehensive original publication about the phenomenon of public relations (PR), in the Latvian language.

Sandra Veinberg is familiar with this topic both in theory and in practice; moreover, she sees it from different angles, which adds to the significance of this study, thus making it particularly unique. There are few researchers with such a range of research and practical work experience both in media and journalism, as well as public relations.

The first part of the book is devoted to an extensive study of theoretical approaches and historical development of PR, but the second part deals more with the practical aspects of PR, which is based on the experience of Ms. Veinberg as a lecturer, giving unique courses to PR specialists.

Sandra Veinberg is a professional journalist, a graduate from the Journalism Department of the Universityof Latvia, who defended her doctoral thesis that was on a German television programme and magazines in the Universityof Moscow,and has made researches on Swedish mass media both in Stockholmand GothenburgUniversities. 

In LatviaSandra Veinberg is also known as a popular journalist, publicist and writer. Her career as a journalist started in the music section of Latvian Radio, and continued in the department of musical programmes for Latvian Television. After receiving her academic degree, she spent several years working as a lecturer and Associate Professor in the Journalism Department of the Universityof Latvia.

In addition, during the time Sandra Veinberg has been working and living in Sweden, she has collaborated with Latvian media (Latvian Television, national daily newspaper “Neatkarīgā Rīta Avīze”, radio SWH) as a reporter and an observer.

Her monograph examines the place of PR in modern communicative processes, following the main theoretical approach and leading manifestations of flow in practice.

"What is this thing called PR and what can it do for us – the general public?" – is the main subject of this book.

This work does not focus on the "how-to-do", or practical applications, or a listing thereof, of the concept of PR, but rather examines the concept of PR on a much wider scale, employing an exploratory cross-sectional approach.

Initially encountering PR formulations and explanations in the English, German, and Latvian languages, it has been concluded that none of the currently used concepts, including the magical abbreviation "PR", satisfy the majority of researchers, or reflect the essence of the subject under scrutiny, if we wish to examine public relations over as wide a spectrum as possible.

Among research specialists (British, American, German, Austrian), there is no unity regarding a singular interpretation of the history of the development of PR, its place and role within the process of social development, and other questions, which, taken as a whole, proves the somewhat delayed development of PR as an interdisciplinary science. At the same time, significant questions within this specific sphere have become very topical within the past few years, and the growing number of scientific works dedicated to public relations verifies that this particular field is growing in significance not only in Western Europe, but also in Eastern Europe and Asia.

Looking at it from a historical perspective, one may conclude that the development of PR has flowed in two distinct directions up until now. The first is the tradition established in the USA; the second- the European, or continental school, which is represented by the Germans. The first school is more familiar, and widespread, whereas the second is, in comparison, much older and, from an academic point of view, offers a very solid and interesting theoretical basis, which has been, until recently, analyzed much less within the wider scope of scientific PR forums.

© Baltic Media Ltd.